Chemistry is the scientific study of matter, its properties, composition, structure, and the changes it undergoes during chemical reactions. It explores the interactions between atoms and molecules to form new substances and examines the principles governing these processes. Chemistry plays a fundamental role in understanding natural phenomena, developing new materials, medicines, and energy solutions, and addressing global challenges like environmental sustainability. It is often referred to as the "central science" because it bridges other natural sciences, such as physics, biology, and geology